Which scientist thought of the concept of steady state of the universe?

Correct option is C

The correct answer is (c) Fred Hoyle.
Fred Hoyle was the scientist who thought of the concept of the steady state theory of the universe. The steady state theory proposes that the universe is eternal and unchanging on a large scale, with a constant average density. As the universe expands, new matter is continuously created to maintain this constant density. This theory was a major alternative to the Big Bang theory in the mid-20th century but has since lost favor due to observational evidence supporting the Big Bang model.
Therefore, the correct answer is (c) Fred Hoyle.