Which pair of compounds illustrates the Law of Multiple Proportions?

Correct option is C

The correct answer is: (C) CO and CO₂

Explanation:

• The Law of Multiple Proportions states that when two elements combine to form more than one compound, the ratios of the masses of the second element that combine with a fixed mass of the first element are simple whole numbers.

• In the case of CO (carbon monoxide) and CO₂ (carbon dioxide):

  • CO contains 1 atom of carbon and 1 atom of oxygen.

  • CO₂ contains 1 atom of carbon and 2 atoms of oxygen.

  • The ratio of oxygen in CO₂ to CO is 2:1, which is a simple whole number ratio, thus illustrating the law.

Information Booster:

• CO (Carbon Monoxide): A toxic gas where carbon and oxygen are present in a 1:1 ratio.

• CO₂ (Carbon Dioxide): A stable compound where carbon and oxygen are in a 1:2 ratio.

• The law is demonstrated here because, with a fixed amount of carbon, the oxygen combines in simple whole number ratios.

• Law of Multiple Proportions was formulated by John Dalton and is one of the foundational principles of chemical bonding and stoichiometry.