Which one of the following is provided by the Constitution (104th Amendment) Act, 2019?

Correct option is C

The correct option is (c) Reservation of seats in favour of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People and Legislative Assemblies of States for eighty years from the commencement of the Constitution.

Explanation:

The Constitution (104th Amendment) Act, 2019, amended Article 334 of the Indian Constitution.

• Extension for SC/ST: It extended the reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST) in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies for another 10 years.
• The "80 Years" Calculation: Since the Constitution commenced in 1950, this extension set the new deadline to January 25, 2030, which marks exactly 80 years from the commencement of the Constitution.
• Discontinuation of Anglo-Indian Nomination: Crucially, this amendment did not extend the reservation/nomination for the Anglo-Indian community, effectively ending their special representation in the Lok Sabha and State Assemblies which had existed for the previous 70 years.

Information Booster:

• Article 334: Originally, the Constitution provided that these reservations would cease to exist after 10 years (1960). However, various amendments (8th, 23rd, 45th, 62nd, 79th, and 95th) have extended this period by 10 years each time.
• Impact on Anglo-Indians: Prior to this amendment, the President could nominate two members of the Anglo-Indian community to the Lok Sabha, and Governors could nominate one member to State Legislative Assemblies if they were under-represented. This practice has now ceased.