Which one among the following is a physiologically hypertonic solution?

Correct option is A

Ans. (a) Sol. A 3% sodium chloride solution is a hypertonic solution. Hypertonic solutions have a higher concentration of solute compared to the body’s cells, leading to water movement out of the cells when administered.
Explanation of each option:
· (a) 3% sodium chloride – Correct. This is a hypertonic solution, meaning it has a higher concentration of sodium chloride than the body's normal saline (0.9% solution), causing cells to lose water when exposed to this solution.
· (b) 0.9% sodium chloride – Incorrect. This is an isotonic solution, meaning it has the same concentration of sodium chloride as the body’s cells and does not cause water to move into or out of the cells.
· (c) 0.45% sodium chloride – Incorrect. This is a hypotonic solution, meaning it has a lower concentration of sodium chloride than the body’s cells, leading to water moving into the cells.
· (d) 2.5% dextrose solution – Incorrect. Although it is slightly hypertonic, dextrose solutions are metabolized quickly by the body, and the net effect may become isotonic or hypotonic once the glucose is used.