Correct option is B
The correct answer is (b)
All of the options.
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Soil erosion can be caused by various factors, including:
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Ploughing of steeply sloping land: This increases the risk of soil being washed away by rainwater.
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Cutting down trees: Deforestation removes the protective cover of trees, making the soil more vulnerable to erosion by wind and water.
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Over-grazing of pastures: When animals over-graze, the vegetation cover is reduced, leading to soil compaction and increased erosion.