Which of the following were/are wage development and infrastructure development programmes?
A. Crash Scheme of Rural Employment
B. National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme
C. Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme
D. Changes in Agronomic Practices
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct option is C

The programmes listed below have been instrumental in promoting wage development and infrastructure development in rural areas in India:
· A. Crash Scheme of Rural Employment (CSRE): Launched in 1971, this program aimed at providing short-term employment opportunities in rural areas to reduce unemployment and develop rural infrastructure.
· B. National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme (NREGA): Later renamed as the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) in 2005, this is a major initiative that provides wage employment to rural households while creating durable assets and infrastructure in rural areas.
· C. Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP): Introduced in 1983, RLEGP aimed at generating employment for landless laborers and building infrastructure, focusing on public works in rural areas.
Option D (Changes in Agronomic Practices) is incorrect as it refers to agricultural practices related to farming methods, soil management, and crop production, which do not directly fall under wage or infrastructure development programs.
Information Booster:
1. Crash Scheme of Rural Employment (CSRE): Aimed at providing temporary employment in rural areas and improving rural infrastructure through public works projects.
2. National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme (NREGA/MGNREGA): A key scheme that guarantees 100 days of wage employment per year to rural households, while improving infrastructure and environmental conservation.
3. Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP): Focused on providing guaranteed employment to the rural landless and developing infrastructure, especially in backward areas.
4. Wage Employment Programmes: These schemes aim to alleviate poverty by creating wage opportunities while simultaneously focusing on infrastructure like roads, water conservation, and public buildings.
5. MGNREGA’s Impact: It has become one of the largest social security programmes in the world, empowering rural households through employment and infrastructure development.
6. Public Works: Infrastructure development under these programmes includes the construction of roads, irrigation systems, water conservation structures, and other rural assets.
Additional Information:
· A (Crash Scheme of Rural Employment): Correct, as it focused on wage employment and infrastructure development in rural areas.
· B (National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme): Correct, a major wage employment and infrastructure development scheme in rural India.
· C (Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme): Correct, designed to provide employment and develop infrastructure, especially for landless laborers.
· D (Changes in Agronomic Practices): Incorrect, as it pertains to changes in farming methods rather than employment or infrastructure programmes.