Which of the following technologies was used to fabricate the Vikram 3201 microprocessor launched in 2025?

Correct option is C

Correct Answer: (C) 180nm CMOS technology

Explanation:

• The Vikram 3201 microprocessor, launched in 2025, was fabricated using 180nm CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) technology at the Semiconductor Laboratory (SCL) in Chandigarh.
• This processor is India's first fully indigenous 32-bit microprocessor qualified for use in the harsh conditions of launch vehicles.

Information Booster:

• Fabrication Facility: The 180nm CMOS semiconductor fabrication process was established at SCL, Chandigarh, aligning with India's "Make in India" initiative to promote self-reliance in semiconductor manufacturing.
• Processor Capabilities: Vikram 3201 supports floating-point computations and offers high-level language compatibility, particularly with Ada. It is an advanced version of the 16-bit Vikram 1601 microprocessor, which has been operational in ISRO's launch vehicles since 2009.
• Space Validation: The initial lot of Vikram 3201 devices was successfully validated in space during the PSLV-C60 mission, demonstrating its reliability for future space missions.