Which of the following statements most accurately distinguishes the legislative powers in a presidential system from those in a parliamentary system?

Correct option is A

The Correct Distinction (Option a)
In a Presidential System (e.g., the United States), the principle of Separation of Powers is enforced, meaning the legislature (Congress) and the executive (President) are independent bodies, each with a separate source of authority (separate elections).

The Limitation: This structure limits the legislature's ability to "directly control" the executive. The legislature cannot remove the President simply because of a political disagreement or a loss of confidence. Removal is only possible through the high-threshold process of impeachment for specific, serious constitutional offenses.

The Check: While the legislature cannot directly remove the executive, it maintains influence through a system of Checks and Balances, such as approving the budget, ratifying treaties, confirming appointments, and having the power to impeach.

 Why the Other Options are Incorrect

b. In presidential systems, legislatures can dissolve the executive at will.
Incorrect. This power (dissolving the executive by a simple vote) is the defining characteristic of the Parliamentary System via a Vote of No Confidence. In a presidential system, the executive serves a fixed term and is not subject to removal "at will."

c. In parliamentary systems, a legislature has no role in law-making.
Incorrect. This is fundamentally wrong. The legislature (Parliament) is the primary law-making body in a parliamentary system. It is considered the sovereign body. The executive (Cabinet/Prime Minister) is drawn from the legislature and relies on it to pass all laws.

d. In parliamentary systems, legislatures are strictly ceremonial and do not influence rule-making.
Incorrect. This is also fundamentally wrong. The legislature is where all rules, laws, and policies are debated and enacted. While the executive holds the legislative majority and often drives the agenda, the legislature is the body that gives legal force to the rules and influences them through committee work and debate.