Correct option is D
Hegel is known for his philosophical idealism and his views on the state, society, and history.
· A. State is the march of God on Earth: This statement is true. Hegel saw the state as the actualization of ethical ideas, viewing it as a manifestation of the divine on Earth, often interpreted as "the march of God on Earth."
· B. Hegel regarded women as inferior, with less reasoning abilities: This statement is also true. Hegel held conservative views about women, considering them to be more emotional and less capable of abstract reasoning compared to men.
· C. Hegel rejected the concept of civil society: This statement is false. Hegel did not reject civil society; rather, he integrated it into his theory as an essential sphere between the family and the state, dealing with economic relations and individual interests.
· D. Hegel does not believe in war: This statement is false. Hegel viewed war as a necessary aspect of statehood and history, believing that it plays a role in shaping nations and historical progress.
Information Booster:
1. Hegel's philosophy is rooted in the idea of history as a rational process where the state represents the highest ethical reality.
2. He saw the state as the embodiment of moral and ethical freedom, transcending individual interests.
3. Hegel's views on women reflect the gender biases of his time, relegating them to the domestic sphere with limited rational faculties.
4. Civil society in Hegel's thought functions as the realm of economic interactions, bridging the family and the state.