Correct option is B
The earliest sources that indicate the worship of both Vasudeva (Krishna) and Samkarshana (Balarama) include: (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
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All four sources provide evidence for the early existence and worship of the Vrishni heroes, particularly Vasudeva and Samkarshana, who are central figures in the development of the Bhagavata and early Vaishnava traditions.
Source | Evidence for Worship |
(i) Buddhist text Niddesa | This text (c. 3rd–2nd century BCE) mentions the worshippers of Vasudeva and Baladeva (an alternate name for Samkarshana), indicating that the cult was known and prevalent at this early date. |
(ii) Ghosundi inscription of King Sarvatata | This Brahmi inscription from the 2nd century BCE records the construction of a stone enclosure for the worship of Samkarshana and Vasudeva, referring to them as the unvanquished (or unsurpassed) Gods (Bhagavat). |
(iii) Nanaghat cave inscription of Naganika | This inscription from the Satavahana queen Naganika (1st century BCE) contains an invocation to several deities, including Samkarshana and Vasudeva, reflecting their recognized status in the royal pantheon. |
(iv) Coins of Agathocles | The Indo-Greek King Agathocles (c. 180 BCE) issued bilingual coins depicting the images of Samkarshana (holding a club and plough) on one side and Vasudeva (holding a wheel/chakra and conch/shankha) on the other, confirming their joint veneration at the time. |
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