Which of the following reports is considered as a piecemeal effort to provide resilience to the successful working of federal system?

Correct option is A

​The correct answer is (a) Sarkaria Commission

Explanation:

The Sarkaria Commission was established in 1983 by the Government of India to review the Centre-State relations and suggest measures to strengthen the federal system.

The Commission submitted its report in 1988, making 247 recommendations to improve the functioning of the Indian federal structure.

Information Booster:

Key Recommendations of Sarkaria Commission:

1. Emergency Provisions (Article 356)

• Should be used sparingly as a last resort.
  
• Governor must explore all options to form a government before recommending dissolution.

2. Inter-State Council

• Recommended a permanent Inter-State Council under Article 263.
• Members: PM (Chairman), Chief Ministers, Union Ministers of relevant subjects.

3. Appointment of Governors

• Consult CM before appointment.
• Should be an eminent person from outside the State.
• Should not be actively involved in politics, especially from the ruling party at the Centre.
• Term: 5 years (preferably), removable only in exceptional cases.

4. Legislative Relations

• Residuary taxation powers to remain with Parliament.
• Other residuary subjects (except taxation) to be in the Concurrent List.
• Mutual consultation in concurrent jurisdiction areas.
• UGC to oversee education standards, but implementation left to States.

5. Financial Matters

• Surcharge on income tax should be limited in duration and purpose.
• State-level Finance Commissions recommended.
• Expert involvement in Finance Commission.

Additional Knowledge:

• Kothari Commission related to educational reforms (1964-66).
• Thakkar Commission investigated Indira Gandhi’s assassination (1984).
• Kapur Commissioninvestigated Mahatma Gandhi’s assassination.