Which of the following is a part of the Union List?

Correct option is D

The correct answer is (d) Industrial disputes concerning Union employees.
Explanation:
· The Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India defines and specifies the allocation of powers and functions between the Union and the States through three lists.
· Entry 61 of the Union List (List I) specifically includes "Industrial disputes concerning Union employees."
· This ensures that the Central Government has exclusive authority to legislate and manage disputes involving its own workforce and organizations under its direct control.
· The Union List currently contains 100 subjects (originally 97) over which the Parliament has exclusive legislative jurisdiction.
Information Booster:
· Article 246: This article deals with the distribution of legislative powers between the Union and the States.
· Residuary Powers: Under Article 248, the power to make laws on any matter not included in any of the three lists (Union, State, or Concurrent) rests solely with the Parliament.
· Supreme Court Interpretation: In case of a conflict between the Union List and other lists, the Union List prevails (doctrine of Federal Supremacy).
Additional Knowledge:
(a) Adulteration of foodstuffs (Option a)
· This is listed in the Concurrent List (List III) under Entry 18. Both the Center (e.g., FSSAI) and State governments have the power to regulate food safety.
(b) Legal, medical and other professions (Option b)
· This falls under the Concurrent List (List III) under Entry 26. This allows for national standards (like those from the Bar Council or National Medical Commission) while allowing States to legislate on practice within their borders.
(c) Trade unions, industrial and labour disputes (Option c)
· This is a part of the Concurrent List (List III) under Entry 22. It covers general industrial and labour disputes in the private and public sectors, whereas the Union List is specific only to Union employees.