Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Which of the following is true with reference to psychological stress?
A. Stress is a temporary phenomenon
B. Stress is a subjective perception
C. Personality and stress are not related
D. A certain degree of stress is needed for optimal performance

Correct option is D

Stress is a temporary phenomenon (A): This is true. Stress is generally viewed as a temporary response to challenging situations. It can last from a few minutes to days, depending on the stressor and individual coping mechanisms. However, stress can become chronic if the individual continues to experience prolonged stressors.

Stress is a subjective perception (B): This is true. Stress is experienced differently by individuals, and what causes stress in one person may not cause stress in another. This means stress is subjective and depends on how an individual perceives and interprets an event.

A certain degree of stress is needed for optimal performance (D): This is true. According to the Yerkes-Dodson law, a moderate amount of stress can enhance performance by providing the necessary motivation and focus. However, too little or too much stress can lead to poor performance.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option (d) A, B and D only, because stress is temporary, subjective, and a certain amount of stress is beneficial for performance, while personality and stress are related.

Information Booster
The Yerkes-Dodson Law is a psychological principle that describes the relationship between arousal (or stress) and performance. It was first proposed by psychologists Robert Yerkes and John Dodson in 1908. Here’s a concise explanation:

Key Idea
-Performance improves with increased arousal, but only up to a certain point.
-Beyond that point, too much arousal leads to a decline in performance.

Graphical Representation
The relationship is often depicted as an inverted U-shaped curve:
-Low Arousal: Performance is poor due to lack of motivation or focus.
-Optimal Arousal: Performance peaks at a moderate level of arousal.
-High Arousal: Performance declines due to stress, anxiety, or overwhelm.

Factors Influencing the Curve
Task Complexity:
-Simple Tasks: Higher arousal improves performance.
-Complex Tasks: Moderate arousal is optimal; high arousal can hinder performance.
Individual Differences:
-People have different optimal arousal levels based on personality, experience, and skill.

Additional Information
Option A (Stress is a temporary phenomenon): Correct — Stress typically occurs in response to a specific situation and lasts for a short period, although chronic stress can arise from ongoing challenges.
Option B (Stress is a subjective perception): Correct — The experience of stress is personal and can vary greatly between individuals based on how they interpret and cope with situations.
Option C (Personality and stress are not related): Incorrect — There is a clear connection between personality traits and how individuals experience and manage stress. Certain personality types are more prone to stress.