Which of the following is the primary characteristic of polycystic kidney disease?

Correct option is C

Ans. (c) Sol. Haematuria (blood in urine) is a primary characteristic of polycystic kidney disease (PKD). PKD is a genetic disorder in which multiple fluid-filled cysts develop in the kidneys, leading to progressive kidney enlargement and impaired function. These cysts can rupture, causing haematuria. Additionally, patients with PKD may experience hypertension, flank pain, and progressive renal failure.
Explanation of Other Options:
· (a) Polyuria: While kidney dysfunction can lead to altered urine output, polyuria is not a defining characteristic of PKD.
· (b) Hypotension: PKD is typically associated with hypertension (high blood pressure) rather than hypotension due to renin-angiotensin system activation.
· (d) Stress incontinence: This occurs due to weakened pelvic muscles, often seen in conditions like pregnancy, aging, or nerve disorders, but is not a characteristic feature of PKD.