Which of the following is not included in the Sanction of Utility as mentioned by J. S. Mill?

Correct option is D

According to John Stuart Mill in his work A System of Logic and other writings, the Sanctions of Utility refer to the sources of motivation that encourage individuals to act in ways that promote general happiness. Mill identifies several sanctions of utility that shape human behavior: physical, moral, and public sanctions.
· Physical sanction refers to the natural consequences of actions, like pleasure and pain, which affect behavior.
· Moral sanction refers to the internal conscience and sense of duty that motivates individuals to act ethically.
· Public sanction refers to the external social and societal influences, such as approval or disapproval from others.
However, economic sanction is not one of the sanctions listed by Mill in this context, as it pertains to a more specific form of motivation linked to financial or material rewards, which was not directly included in his theory of utility.
Information Booster:
1. Sanctions of Utility are vital to Mill's principle of utilitarianism, which posits that actions are right if they promote happiness and wrong if they produce the opposite.
2. Physical sanctions are immediate consequences of actions, influencing people to act in ways that maximize pleasure and minimize pain.
3. Moral sanctions are linked to a person's conscience, creating a sense of moral obligation to act in a way that benefits society.
4. Public sanctions are external pressures, like societal approval or disapproval, which guide individuals in making decisions that align with the collective good.
5. Mill’s theory suggests that these sanctions, particularly the moral and public sanctions, are crucial for promoting long-term social harmony and individual well-being.
6. Economic sanctions, although important in the context of economic behavior or trade relations, do not fit into Mill’s framework for motivating actions based on utility.