Which of the following is incorrect regarding Locke's political philosophy?

Correct option is D

The correct answer is (d): The final source of the state is the right to self-defense of human beings.
This statement is incorrect in the context of John Locke's political philosophy. Locke believed that the final source of the state comes from the consent of the governed rather than just the right to self-defense. According to Locke, in the state of nature, individuals had certain natural rights, including life, liberty, and property, and the formation of government was meant to protect these rights through mutual consent. Locke's idea of the social contract posits that individuals form governments to secure their natural rights, and the legitimacy of the state comes from the people's collective consent, not just their right to self-defense.
Information Booster:
1. State of Nature: Locke viewed the state of nature as one of peace, goodwill, and mutual assistance, where individuals enjoyed natural rights but lacked formal laws.
2. Right to Property: Locke argued that the right to property existed before the formation of society, as individuals have the natural right to claim ownership through their labor.
3. Two Treatises of Government: The first essay was a critique of Sir Robert Filmer’s Patriarcha, which defended the divine right of kings, a theory Locke vehemently opposed.
4. Social Contract: Locke’s theory emphasizes that governments are created by the consent of individuals to protect their natural rights, and if governments fail to do so, they can be overthrown.