Which of the following is correct with reference to the extent of laws made by Parliament?

(A) Parliament can make laws for the whole or any part of India.

(B) Laws made by Parliament apply to Indian citizens and their property in any part of the world.

Correct option is D

The correct answer is (d) Both A and B
Explanation:
· Under Article 245 of the Indian Constitution, the Parliament of India has the power to make laws for the whole or any part of the territory of India.
· The territory of India includes the States, the Union Territories, and any other area included in the territory of India for the time being.
· The Parliament also possesses the power of "Extra-territorial Legislation," which means its laws can apply to Indian citizens and their property anywhere in the world.
· This implies that an Indian citizen can be governed by Indian laws (such as the Indian Penal Code or Income Tax Act) even while residing in a foreign country.
· While Parliament has wide powers, there are certain restrictions regarding the application of its laws in areas like the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, and Scheduled Areas.
Information Booster:
· The Constitution divides the legislative authority between the Union and the States based on territory and subject matter (Seventh Schedule).
· A State Legislature can generally make laws only for the whole or any part of that specific state, and its laws do not have extra-territorial application unless there is a sufficient connection.
· The laws made by Parliament are supreme, and in case of a conflict with State laws on Concurrent subjects, Central law prevails.
Additional Knowledge:
(A) Parliament can make laws for the whole or any part of India: This is the territorial jurisdiction of the Parliament as defined in Article 245(1).
(B) Laws apply to Indian citizens and their property worldwide: This is known as extra-territorial jurisdiction as defined in Article 245(2).