Correct option is D
The doctrine of Res Judicata, under Section 11 of the Civil Procedure Code (CPC), prevents a court from trying a matter that has already been adjudicated upon by a competent court. However, there are exceptions to this rule, including:
Judgment Passed Without Jurisdiction:
- If a judgment is passed by a court that lacks jurisdiction, the doctrine of Res Judicata does not apply. A decision made without jurisdiction is null and void and can be challenged.
Matter Involving a Pure Question of Law:
- The rule of Res Judicata does not bar cases involving pure questions of law that were not directly decided in the earlier proceedings.