Which of the following forest-dwelling tribes, found in Uttarakhand, is known for seasonal migration and forest-based cattle herding?​

Correct option is D

The correct answer is (D) Van Gujjar

Explanation:

• The Van Gujjars are a forest-dwelling, nomadic pastoral tribe primarily found in the Shivalik hills, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, and some parts of western Uttar Pradesh.
• They are Muslim pastoralists known for seasonal migration and forest-based cattle herding.
• Their livelihood depends on buffalo herding and the sale of milk and milk products.
• They practice transhumance (seasonal movement of livestock):
• In summers, they migrate to the upper Himalayas (Bugyals – alpine meadows).
• In winters, they descend to the lower Shivalik forests and river valleys.
• The community is deeply connected to forest ecosystems, relying on forest resources for fodder and grazing.

Information Booster:

• The Van Gujjars have often faced issues of forest rights, eviction, and displacement due to conservation policies like the creation of Rajaji National Park.
• The Forest Rights Act, 2006 recognizes their rights to forest land and resources.
• They are distinct from other Gujjar groups because of their nomadic lifestyle and dependence on forests.

Additional Knowledge:

• Bhil – One of the largest tribal groups in India, concentrated in Rajasthan, Gujarat, MP, and Maharashtra.
• Tharu – Found in the Terai region of UP and Nepal; known for agriculture, not nomadic herding.
• Gaddi – A semi-nomadic tribe of Himachal Pradesh, mainly shepherds.