Which of the following conditions are observed during the phenomenon of La Niña?

Correct option is B

Explanation The correct answer is (b) Water temperature in the eastern tropical Pacific is cooler than average.
La Niña is a climate pattern that occurs as part of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle. During La Niña events:
· The sea surface temperatures in the eastern and central Pacific Ocean become cooler than average.
· This cooling is caused by stronger-than-usual trade winds, which push warm surface waters toward the western Pacific, allowing cold, deep water to upwell along the coast of South America.
Breakdown of Other Options:
1. (a) Warming in the Atlantic Ocean:
· Not directly associated with La Niña. Changes in the Atlantic are typically influenced by other oceanic patterns like the Atlantic Meridional Mode.
2. (c) Warming in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean:
· This is characteristic of El Niño, not La Niña.
3. (d) Water temperature in the Arctic Ocean is cooler than average:
· Not related to La Niña. The Arctic's temperature variations are influenced by polar patterns and climate change.
Information Booster 1. La Niña Effects:
· Global weather impacts: Increased rainfall in Australia, Southeast Asia, and the Amazon Basin.
· Drought conditions: Common in the southwestern United States and South America.
2. El Niño vs. La Niña:
· El Niño: Warmer-than-average sea surface temperatures in the eastern Pacific.
· La Niña: Cooler-than-average sea surface temperatures in the eastern Pacific.
3. Trade Winds:
· During La Niña, trade winds are stronger, pushing warm water westward and enhancing upwelling of cold water in the eastern Pacific.
Additional Knowledge · ENSO Cycle: Consists of three phases: El Niño, La Niña, and Neutral.
· Climate Impact:
· La Niña often leads to more active hurricane seasons in the Atlantic due to reduced wind shear.
· Colder winters in the northern United States and warmer, drier winters in the southern United States.