Which of the following are adventitious breath sounds on auscultation?
1. Crackles
2. Rhonchi
3. Wheeze
4. Pleural friction rub
Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Correct option is D

Ans. (d) Sol. Adventitious breath sounds are abnormal sounds that are heard during auscultation of the lungs. All the options listed—crackles, rhonchi, wheeze, and pleural friction rub—are considered adventitious breath sounds, indicating various respiratory conditions.
Explanation of each option:
· (1) Crackles – Correct. Crackles (also called rales) are abnormal sounds caused by fluid in the airways, often associated with conditions such as pneumonia or heart failure.
· (2) Rhonchi – Correct. Rhonchi are low-pitched sounds caused by obstruction or narrowing of the airways, commonly seen in bronchitis or COPD.
· (3) Wheeze – Correct. Wheezes are high-pitched sounds produced by narrowed airways, often seen in asthma or COPD.
· (4) Pleural friction rub – Correct. Pleural friction rub is a grating sound caused by the friction between inflamed pleural surfaces, often seen in pleuritis.