Which navigation satellite did India launch in January 2025 to enhance its NavIC system?

Correct option is A

The correct answer is: (A) NVS-02

In January 2025, India launched the NVS-02 satellite to enhance its regional navigation satellite system, NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation). This launch, conducted on January 29, 2025, was a significant milestone as it marked ISRO’s 100th launch from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota. The satellite was launched aboard the GSLV-F15 rocket and was intended to replace the malfunctioning IRNSS-1E satellite in the constellation .

• NVS-02 is the second satellite in the NVS series, which is part of the second generation of NavIC satellites.

• The satellite is equipped with navigation payloads operating in the L1, L5, and S bands, and a ranging payload in the C-band, enhancing the system's accuracy and reliability.

• It features an indigenous Rubidium atomic clock, marking a significant advancement in India's space technology.

• The satellite was designed to provide Standard Positioning Service (SPS) with an accuracy of better than 20 meters and timing accuracy better than 40 nanoseconds over the primary service area .

• IRNSS-1G: Launched on April 28, 2016, this was the seventh satellite in the IRNSS series and was part of the initial NavIC constellation. It was later replaced by NVS-01.

• NVS-01: Launched on May 29, 2023, this satellite is the first in the NVS series and replaced IRNSS-1G, featuring enhanced capabilities and an indigenous atomic clock.

• GSAT-10: Launched on September 29, 2012, this is a communication satellite and is not part of the NavIC navigation system.