Which is the research method that combines both a longitudinal design and a cross-sectional design?

Correct option is A

Ans. (a)
Sol. A convergence design (also known as a cross-sequential or cohort-sequential design) combines elements of both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. It involves studying multiple age groups over time, allowing researchers to observe changes over time (like in longitudinal studies) while also comparing different age cohorts (as in cross-sectional designs).
Explanation of each option:
· (a) Convergence design – Correct answer. Blends cross-sectional and longitudinal methods for better comparison and tracking over time.
· (b) Exploratory design – Used when little is known about a problem; aims to gather preliminary information.
· (c) Explanatory design – Focuses on determining the cause-and-effect relationships.
· (d) Divergence design – Not a standard term in research methodology.