Which cytoskeletal protein is the major component of neurofilaments that helps maintain the caliber and integrity of large axons?​

Correct option is C

The correct answer is (C) Neurofilament protein

• Neurofilament proteins are the major structural component of neurofilaments, which are part of the cytoskeleton in neurons.

• These proteins help in maintaining the caliber (diameter) and structural integrity of large axons, which is crucial for the proper transmission of nerve signals.

• Neurofilaments are especially important in larger axons, where they provide mechanical stability and support for efficient neuronal function.

• Neurofilaments are intermediate filaments in neurons, made up of several proteins, including NF-L (light), NF-M (medium), and NF-H (heavy) chains.

• Neurofilament proteins are unique to neurons and are critical for axon diameter and neuronal organization, with abnormalities leading to neurodegenerative diseases.

• These proteins form filamentous structures that are spaced throughout the cytoplasm of the neuron, forming a network that supports the axon.

• Option A (Keratin protein): Incorrect. Keratin is an intermediate filament found in epithelial cells, not in neurons.

• Option B (Actin protein): Incorrect. Actin forms microfilaments, which are more involved in cell movement and shape rather than the maintenance of axon integrity.

• Option D (Tubulin protein): Incorrect. Tubulin forms microtubules, which are important for cell division, intracellular transport, and the structure of cilia and flagella, but not for neurofilament structure.