Which are the important conclusions of L. Richardson in 'Statistics of Deadly Quarrels' (1960)?
A. The Problem of war does not arise from the diabolism of one or a few states
B. Desire for revenge was not the case of war during the period (1820-1945)
C. Contiguity has been an important factor in war
D. Nationalism has both induced and prevented wars
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct option is C

Lewis Fry Richardson, in his work 'Statistics of Deadly Quarrels' (1960), analyzed the causes of war using statistical methods. Key conclusions include:
· The problem of war does not arise from the diabolism of one or a few states (A), suggesting that war is a systemic issue, not caused by the evil intentions of individual nations.
· Contiguity has been an important factor in war (C), meaning that neighboring countries are more likely to go to war.
· Nationalism has both induced and prevented wars (D), indicating that while nationalism can lead to conflict, it can also unite people against war.
Desire for revenge (B) was indeed a cause of some wars, contradicting the option.
Information Booster:
1. Richardson's work was one of the first to apply quantitative analysis to the study of war.
2. He showed that wars were more frequent between neighboring states due to geographic proximity.
3. He proposed that nationalism has a dual role in both causing and preventing conflicts.
4. Richardson’s statistical approach revolutionized the study of conflict.
5. His work laid the foundation for future studies on the systemic causes of war.
6. Contiguity remains a significant factor in modern geopolitics.