When we go downwards in the group, there ________________ a tendency to form alkaline oxides.

Correct option is B

The correct answer is (B)   ​Increases

Information booster:

o A basic oxide is formed when an element reacts with oxygen and produces a basic solution when dissolved in water.

o The formation of basic oxides in a group of the periodic table depends on the size of the atoms and the valence electrons.

o As you move down a group, the atomic size increases, and the valence electrons are located farther from the nucleus. This increase in size means the valence electrons experience a weaker pull from the nucleus.

o Because of this weaker attraction, it's easier for these atoms to form basic oxides.

o On the other hand, when you move from left to right across a period, the atomic number increases, and so does the effective nuclear charge. This stronger nuclear charge pulls the electrons closer to the nucleus, causing the atomic size to decrease.

o As you go down a group, the number of electron shells increases, and the outer electrons are farther from the nucleus.

o Despite the nucleus still exerting the same effective nuclear charge, the outer electrons are less tightly held because they are further from the nucleus, making the atoms larger.