When did Henry Cavendish report the measurement of the gravitational constant with the mass and density of the Earth?

Correct option is B

Correct Answer: B (June 1798)

Explanation:

Henry Cavendish conducted an experiment in June 1798 to measure the gravitational constant (G) using a torsion balance apparatus. This experiment is famously known as the "Cavendish Experiment." It was the first to determine the density and mass of the Earth indirectly by calculating G, which is a crucial parameter in Newton's law of gravitation.

Information Booster:

● The Cavendish Experiment used a torsion balance to measure the weak gravitational force between lead spheres.
● This experiment allowed Cavendish to calculate the mean density of the Earth as approximately 5.48 times the density of water.
● The gravitational constant (G) is fundamental in determining gravitational force: F = G × (m1 × m2) / r².
● Cavendish’s work laid the foundation for modern gravitational physics and geophysics.
● This experiment was pivotal in quantifying universal gravitation, a key concept in classical mechanics.