Correct option is D
The correct answer is: (d) To dominate key industries and infrastructure
Explanation:
Between 1947 and 1991, India followed a socialist pattern of development, where the public sector played a dominant role in the country’s industrial
and economic growth. This was formalized through various Industrial Policy Resolutions (especially 1956).
Information Booster:
• The Second Five-Year Plan (1956–1961) emphasized heavy industries and the public sector, inspired by the Soviet model.
• The private sector was regulated through Industrial Licensing (License Raj).
• Helped lay the foundation for India’s self-reliant industrial base.
• Import substitution and foreign exchange saving were key goals.
• Created institutions like SAIL, BHEL, ONGC, and NTPC.
• Dominated sectors like steel, mining, energy, and transport.
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