Under which Article of the Constitution of India is the President of India empowered to issue a “Proclamation of Emergency”?

Correct option is A

The correct answer is (A)  ​Article 352

• ​Under Article 352 of the Indian Constitution, the President of India can declare a National Emergency.
• This article falls under Part XVIII of the Constitution, which deals with emergency provisions.​
  
• The President can declare a National Emergency if they believe that India's security is at risk due to: War, External aggression, Armed rebellion.
• The Proclamation must be presented to both Houses of Parliament.
• If not approved by Parliament within one month, it will automatically cease.
• To continue, the Proclamation must be passed by a Special Majority, requiring:
  • At least 50% of the total membership of the House.
  • At least two-thirds of the members present and voting.

• If the emergency is declared due to war or external aggression, it is known as an External Emergency.
• If it is due to armed rebellion, it is referred to as an Internal Emergency.

Information booster:

Article 370

Article 370 provided special autonomy to the state of Jammu and Kashmir under Part XXI of the Constitution.

• The state had its own Constitution and decision-making powers except in areas like defense, foreign affairs, and communications.
• Indian laws could only apply to Jammu and Kashmir with the concurrence of the state government.
• On August 5, 2019, the special status under Article 370 was abrogated by a Presidential Order, making Jammu and Kashmir a Union Territory.
  

​Article 315

Article 315 establishes Public Service Commissions for the Union and individual states.

• Union Public Service Commission (UPSC): Responsible for recruitment to central government services.
• State Public Service Commissions (SPSCs): Handle recruitment for state government services.

​Article 356

Article 356 allows the President of India to impose President's Rule in a state if:

• The state government cannot function according to the provisions of the Constitution.
• This usually occurs due to political instability or the breakdown of law and order.

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