Two compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures are known as:

Correct option is A

Correct Answer is (a) Structural Isomers
Explanation:
Structural isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures. This difference in arrangement leads to variations in physical and chemical properties.
· Structural isomerism occurs due to different connectivity of atoms within the molecule.
· Example: Butane (C₄H₁₀) and Isobutane (C₄H₁₀) – Both have the same molecular formula but different structures.
· Types of structural isomerism include:
· Chain isomerism – Different arrangement of the carbon chain.
· Position isomerism – Different position of functional groups.
· Functional isomerism – Same formula but different functional groups.
Information Booster:
· Isomers have identical molecular formulas but differ in structure or spatial arrangement.
· Structural isomers differ in connectivity, while stereoisomers differ in spatial arrangement.
· Isomerism plays an important role in organic chemistry, pharmaceuticals, and biochemistry.
· Examples of structural isomers:
· Pentane, Isopentane, and Neopentane (C₅H₁₂) – Chain isomers.
· Ethanol (C₂H₆O) and Dimethyl Ether (C₂H₆O) – Functional isomers.
Additional Information:
· Isotopes – Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons, e.g., Carbon-12 and Carbon-14.
· Valencies – Valency refers to the combining capacity of an element (e.g., Oxygen has a valency of 2).
· Allotropes – Allotropes are different physical forms of the same element (e.g., diamond, graphite, and graphene are allotropes of carbon).