The self-care deficit theory was proposed by:

Correct option is A

· D. Orem: Proposed the self-care deficit theory, which includes three interrelated theories: the theory of self-care, the theory of self-care deficit, and the theory of nursing systems.
· Rogers: Known for the Science of Unitary Human Beings, which views patients as energy fields interacting with their environment.
· Betty Newman: Developed the Neuman Systems Model, focusing on stress and the patient’s response to stressors.
· Leininger: Introduced the Culture Care Theory, emphasizing culturally congruent care.
Additional Information:
· The self-care deficit theory identifies the need for nursing interventions when individuals are unable to meet their basic self-care needs due to illness, injury, or other factors.
· Nurses assist by providing support, teaching, and resources to enable patients to regain independence in self-care.