The phenomenon called ____ occurs when light passes from one transparent medium to another.

Correct option is A

The correct answer is (A) refraction

Explanation:
• Refraction is the bending of light (or any wave) as it passes from one transparent medium into another medium with a different density (e.g., from air to glass, or air to water).
• This bending occurs because light travels at different speeds in different mediums.

Information Booster:
• Snell's Law: The relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction and the refractive indices of the two media is governed by Snell's Law.
• Real-world Example: A pencil appearing bent or broken when placed in a glass of water is a classic visual example of refraction.

Additional Knowledge:
• Scattering (Option B): The deflection of light rays by tiny particles in a medium (e.g., Rayleigh scattering makes the sky blue).
• Diffraction (Option C): The slight bending of light as it passes around the edge of an object or through a slit.
• Reflection (Option D): The bouncing back of light when it hits a surface (like a mirror) without passing through it.