The inherent capacity of soil to provide nutrients in adequate amounts and in proper balance for the growth and development of plant is called

Correct option is B

The term refers to the natural ability of soil to supply essential nutrients required by plants. It emphasizes nutrient availability in adequate quantity and correct proportion for normal plant growth. This inherent property of soil is known as soil fertility.
Information booster: Soil fertility deals mainly with the nutrient-supplying power of soil rather than yield levels. A fertile soil contains essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients. Soil fertility can be maintained or improved through manures, fertilizers, and crop rotations. Fertility is different from productivity, as productivity also depends on climate, water, and management.
Why other options are incorrect: (a) Soil productivity refers to the soil’s capacity to produce crops under specific management conditions. (c) Soil compaction is a physical condition that restricts root growth and water movement. (d) Soil management refers to practices adopted to maintain or improve soil condition.