The following reaction is an example of ________.
$$\text{Mg(OH)}_2 + 2 \text{HCl} \rightarrow \text{MgCl}_2 + 2\text{H}_2\text{O}$$​

Correct option is A

The given reaction: Mg(OH)₂ + 2 HCl → MgCl₂ + 2 H₂O represents a neutralization reaction, where a base ( Mg(OH)₂) reacts with an acid ( HCl) to form a salt ( MgCl₂) and water ( H₂O).
Key Points:
· Neutralization Reaction: Occurs between an acid and a base, resulting in the formation of a salt and water.
· Product Formation: The acid donates protons (H⁺), while the base provides hydroxide ions (OH⁻), which combine to form water (H₂O).
Additional Information:
· Precipitate reaction: Incorrect, as no insoluble solid (precipitate) is formed in this reaction.
· Decomposition reaction: Incorrect, as decomposition involves the breaking down of a compound into simpler substances.
· Combination reaction: Incorrect, as combination reactions involve two or more reactants combining to form a single product.