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The following proposed statements describe some aspects of thermoregulation:

A. The basal metabolic rate is rapidly adjusted in the thermoneutral zone to maintain temperature homeostasis.
B. The homeotherms who have the ability to hibernate do not maintain a normal physiological temperature range during hibernation.
C. Thermoregulation is not regulated by the hypothalamus.
D. Warm-blooded animals require more food compared to cold-blooded animals of the same size and weight.

Which one of the following options represents combinations of all correct statements?

Correct option is C

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Explanation:

1. Statement A - Incorrect

o   The basal metabolic rate (BMR) is not significantly adjusted within the thermoneutral zone, as the body maintains homeostasis without increased energy use.

o   However, outside the thermoneutral zone, metabolic adjustments occur to regulate body temperature.

1. Statement B - Correct

o   Homeotherms that hibernate do not maintain their usual body temperature.

o   Instead, their body temperature drops to reduce metabolic demand while still staying above environmental extremes.

1. Statement C - Incorrect

o   Thermoregulation is controlled by the hypothalamus in mammals and birds.

o   The hypothalamus acts as a thermostat, regulating responses like shivering, sweating, and vasodilation.

1. Statement D - Correct

o   Warm-blooded animals (endotherms) require more food than cold-blooded animals (ectotherms) of the same size because they continuously generate heat through metabolism.

o   This higher metabolic demand makes endotherms dependent on constant food intake.