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The following characteristics pertain to the sand filters used in the water industry: I. Filtration rate is 1 to 4m³/(m²day) II. Typical duratio
Question

The following characteristics pertain to the sand filters used in the water industry:
I. Filtration rate is 1 to 4m³/(m²day)
II. Typical duration of operation in one run is 24 to 72 hours
III. Operation cost is low
Which of the above characteristics pertain to slow sand filters?

A.

I, II and III

B.

I and II

C.

II and III

D.

I and III

Correct option is D


The frequency of cleaning of slow sand filters is 1-3 months, hence is the typical duration of operation. Filtration rate for design is taken as  100−200 l/hr/m2. Operation cost is low since it is worked over by gravity and no other energy source is required.

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