The environment that includes societal and structural systems is:

Correct option is C

NOTE: 

As per the answer key, Option B (Micro environment) is correct. However, we marked Option C (Macro environment) because societal and structural systems are part of the macro environment, while the micro environment includes only immediate settings like family and peers.

Source:
Park, K. – Park’s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine; WHO – Social Determinants of Health; IGNOU Study Material.

The macro environment refers to the broad external environment that encompasses societal, economic, political, cultural, and structural systems which influence individuals, families, and communities indirectly. Unlike the micro environment, which involves immediate surroundings such as family or peers, the macro environment operates at a larger societal level and shapes opportunities, resources, and constraints.

Examples of macro environmental factors include government policies, economic conditions, legal frameworks, social institutions, cultural values, and infrastructure systems. These factors collectively influence human behavior, development, and decision-making without direct personal interaction.

Thus, the environment that includes societal and structural systems is correctly termed the macro environment, making option (c) the correct choice.

Information Booster:

• Macro environment operates at a national or societal level.

• It includes economic systems, political ideology, laws, and culture.

• Changes in macro environment affect employment, education, and health services.

• Macro factors influence families indirectly but powerfully.

• Commonly used in family resource management and extension education.

Additional Information:

• (a) Large environment: Not a standard or clearly defined term in environmental or social science frameworks.

• (b) Micro environment: Refers to immediate surroundings like family, school, peers; does not include societal or structural systems.

• (d) Household environment: Limited to conditions within the home and family; excludes wider social, political, and economic structures.