The dynamic theory of tides has been given by ______.

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Correct option is B

• The Dynamic Theory of Tides was proposed by Pierre-Simon Laplace, an 18th-century French mathematician and astronomer.
• Unlike Newton's Equilibrium Theory of Tides, which assumed an instantaneous and uniform tidal response, Laplace introduced the concept that tides are influenced by:
  • Earth's rotation
  • Ocean basin configurations
  • Coriolis force
  • Frictional forces in water
• His theory explains why real-world tides do not perfectly match Newton's predictions due to the influence of landmasses and ocean depths.

• Isaac Newton :
  • Proposed the Equilibrium Theory of Tides, based purely on gravitational attraction of the Moon and Sun.
• G.H. Darwin :
  • Developed the Lunar Tidal Friction Theory, explaining how tides influence Earth's rotation.
• Marmer :
  • Known for tidal observations and studies but did not formulate the Dynamic Theory.