Correct option is B
The Drain Theory was popularised by Dadabhai Naoroji, also known as the Grand Old Man of India. He explained how Britain drained India's wealth through trade surplus, salaries of
• He was the first Indian to become a Member of British Parliament (1892).
• Authored “Poverty and Un-British Rule in India”, a foundational economic critique.
• The theory showed that India was paying for its own colonization.
Bal Gangadhar Tilak – Known as the “Father of Indian Unrest”, he gave the slogan "Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it."
Lala Lajpat Rai – Called the “Punjab Kesari”, he led protests against the Simon Commission and died due to police lathi-charge.
Mahatma Gandhi – Led the Indian freedom struggle with the principles of non-violence and satyagraha, and launched movements like Dandi March and Quit India Movement.