Correct option is D
The correct answer is: (d), Gerland
Gerland
Gerland was a German geographer and geophysicist.
In 1887 the first volume of the magazine founded by Gerland was published Contributions to
geophysics, one of the oldest magazines in this subject, which today under the title Gerland’s
contributions to geophysics operated. In the foreword of the first volume expressed that the
study of man was excluded from geography; the very time caused a sensation in geographical
experts. According to his own statement, Gerland endeavoured “To study the earth in its entirety,
in its planetary peculiarity, in the interaction of the physical powers bound to their matter. In this
sense, he turned to the then young discipline of geophysics, whose co -founder Gerland was
considered.
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Ferdinand von Richthofen (1833–1905) was a German geographer, traveler, and explorer known for his contributions to the field of geography Richthofen's works, including his writings on the physical geography, economic geography, and cultural geography of China and Central Asia, have had a lasting impact on the field of geography and continue to be studied and referenced by scholars today.
Carl Ritter (1779–1859) was a German geographer who is often regarded as one of the founders of modern geography. He made substantial contributions to the field during the 19th century, particularly in the areas of regional geography, environmental determinism, and the study of human-environment interactions.