Correct option is B
In sexually reproducing organisms, mate attraction often involves the use of energetically costly signals—such as bright plumage, complex calls, or elaborate dances. According to the "honest signaling theory", these traits reliably indicate an individual's biological fitness. This means only individuals in good physical condition can afford to produce such high-cost signals.
If signals are honest indicators, then organisms in poor metabolic condition—due to illness, malnutrition, or stress—would be unable to invest much energy into signaling. As a result, they will signal less. This protects the integrity of the communication system, as only fit individuals can produce strong, sustained signals.
Thus, if the signal truly reflects individual quality, we expect a positive correlation between metabolic condition and signal intensity.
Hence, the correct answer is (b) Organisms in poor metabolic condition signal less.
Additional Information):
(a) Incorrect: Poor condition organisms do not signal more, as they conserve energy.
(c) Incorrect: Signaling behavior is influenced by metabolic condition—numerous studies in birds, fish, and insects support this.
(d) Incorrect: Good condition organisms tend to signal more, not less, to maximize mating success.
