Saudi Arabia leads the world in export of petroleum in 2018-19. Which country holds the second position?

Correct option is B

Ans. (b) Russia

Sol. In 2018-19, Russia was the second-largest exporter of petroleum after Saudi Arabia. Russia is one of the world’s leading oil producers, with vast reserves mainly located in Siberia and the Arctic region. It exports crude oil to Europe, China, and other Asian markets through pipelines and sea routes.

Information Booster:

• Saudi Arabia led global oil exports due to its high production capacity and low extraction costs.
• Russia's major oil-exporting companies include Rosneft, Lukoil, and Gazprom Neft.
• The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC+), which includes Russia, plays a crucial role in regulating global oil supply.
• Russia's key export routes include the Druzhba pipeline (Europe) and ESPO pipeline (China & Asia).

Additional Information:
Brazil (a): A significant oil producer but does not rank among the top two exporters.
United States (c): A major oil producer but primarily consumes its production domestically; it became a net oil exporter only after 2019.
Mexico (d): A notable oil exporter but does not match Russia’s export volume.