Read the following statements carefully – 
I. The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Parliament.
II. The Council of Ministers is an Executive Committee of the Parliament and it collectively governs on behalf of the Parliament.
Choose the correct option –

Correct option is B

· Statement I is false: The Council of Ministers is **collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha (the lower house of Parliament), not to Parliament as a whole. While it is true that the Council of Ministers is collectively responsible, the Constitution specifically mentions its responsibility to the Lok Sabha, which is directly elected by the people, not to the Rajya Sabha or Parliament as a whole. If the Council loses the confidence of the Lok Sabha, it must resign as a whole.
· Statement II is true: The Council of Ministers is indeed an Executive Committee in the sense that it collectively governs the country on behalf of the Parliament. It implements policies and decisions made by the Parliament, making it accountable to the Parliament, especially the Lok Sabha. In this sense, it governs the country by exercising executive powers on behalf of the legislative body.
Key Details:
1. Collective Responsibility to the Lok Sabha: The Council of Ministers is accountable to the Lok Sabha, and it must have the confidence of the Lok Sabha to remain in power. This is a critical feature of the parliamentary system of government.
2. Executive Function: The Council of Ministers, headed by the Prime Minister, performs executive functions in governance, formulating policies, and ensuring the implementation of laws passed by the Parliament.