Philosophers classified matter in the form of how many basic elements?

Correct option is C

The correct answer is (c) 5.
In ancient philosophy, matter was classified into five basic elements, known as the "Panchabhuta" in Indian philosophy and similar systems in other cultures. These five elements are:
1. Earth (Prithvi): Representing solids.
2. Water (Apas): Representing liquids.
3. Fire (Agni): Representing energy or heat.
4. Air (Vayu): Representing gases.
5. Ether/Space (Akasha): Representing the void or space where matter exists.
Global Philosophical Perspectives:
· Indian Philosophy: The "Panchabhuta" concept forms the basis of Ayurveda, where the elements are believed to compose the human body and the universe.
· Greek Philosophy: The Greeks, particularly Aristotle, classified matter into four elements (earth, water, fire, air) and later incorporated ether as the fifth element.
· Chinese Philosophy: Known as the Wu Xing, it consists of wood, fire, earth, metal, and water, focusing on cycles of transformation rather than composition.