Perihelion is when Earth is ____________.

Correct option is D

The correct answer is (d) nearest to the sun.
· Perihelion refers to the point in Earth's orbit when it is nearest to the Sun.
· This occurs around early January, when Earth is about 147 million kilometers (91 million miles) away from the Sun.
· The opposite of perihelion is aphelion, which is when Earth is farthest from the Sun, occurring around early July.

Additional Information:
· Earth's orbit around the Sun is not a perfect circle, but rather an ellipse. This means the distance between the Earth and Sun varies throughout the year, with perihelion being the closest point.
· The variation in distance between Earth and the Sun during perihelion and aphelion does not significantly affect Earth's climate. Seasonal changes are primarily due to the tilt of the Earth's axis, not its distance from the Sun.
Other Options:
· above the sun: This is not related to perihelion, as the Earth's position relative to the Sun is measured in terms of distance, not direction like "above."
· Farthest from the sun: This describes aphelion, not perihelion.
· Under the sun: This is not a scientific term used to describe Earth's position relative to the Sun.