On what basis were the states reorganised mainly in the year 1956?

Correct option is C

The correct answer is (c) Linguistic and cultural homogeneity
Explanation:
• The States Reorganisation Act, 1956 was passed following the recommendations of the Fazal Ali Commission (States Reorganisation Commission).
• The primary criterion for redrawing state boundaries was language, to ensure administrative efficiency and cultural unity.
• It resulted in the creation of 14 states and 6 union territories.
• This move came after intense public pressure, notably the death of Potti Sreeramulu, who fasted for a separate Telugu-speaking state (Andhra).
• The reorganization aimed to align political boundaries with the linguistic map of India.
Information Booster:
• The Dhar Commission (1948) and JVP Committee (1949) had previously rejected the linguistic basis for reorganization.
• The 7th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1956 was implemented to give effect to this reorganization.
Additional Knowledge:
Administrative convenience (Option b)
• This was the logic used by the British (e.g., in the Partition of Bengal) and initially preferred by the Dhar Commission, but it was not the main basis for the 1956 reorganization.
External/Internal security and Geographical similarity (Options a and d)
• While these were secondary considerations for the Commission, they were not the driving force behind the nationwide restructuring.