On July 1, 2024, which law/laws was/were replaced by the new criminal laws ?

Correct option is B

The Indian Penal Code (IPC), Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), and Indian Evidence Act (IEA) were replaced on July 1, 2024, by the new criminal laws:

1. Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) – Replacing IPC
2. Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) – Replacing CrPC
3. Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA) – Replacing IEA

These new laws emphasize the principles of "Citizen First-Justice First-Dignity First" and aim to modernize India’s legal framework. The intent is to prioritize justice, reduce procedural delays, and incorporate provisions to address contemporary crimes such as mob lynching, human trafficking, and economic offenses.

Information Booster

1. IPC was enacted in 1860, during British rule, and remained largely unchanged for over 160 years.
2. CrPC, established in 1973, provided procedures for the criminal justice system.
3. IEA, enacted in 1872, detailed rules for evidence admissibility in courts.
4. The new laws focus on victim-centric approaches rather than solely on punishment.
5. Streamlining legal processes to reduce delays is a key objective.
6. BNS, BNSS, and BSA aim to simplify legal jargon for better public understanding.
7. Enhanced provisions for digital and cybercrimes have been introduced.

Additional Knowledge

• (a) Constitution of India: The supreme law of the land, outlining fundamental rights, duties, and the structure of government. It is not replaced by these new laws.
• (b) IPC, CrPC, and IEA: These foundational criminal laws were essential for Indian judiciary but were seen as outdated for modern needs.
• (c) Consumer Protection Act: Focuses on consumer rights and grievance redressal; unrelated to criminal laws.
• (d) Right to Information Act: Empowers citizens to seek information from government offices; it remains unaffected by these changes.

Key Points

1. The transition to new laws is part of ongoing judicial reforms.
2. Training for law enforcement and judiciary on the new provisions is underway.
3. Public awareness campaigns have been launched to educate citizens about the changes.
4. Simplified and technology-driven procedures are expected to improve accessibility and efficiency.