Match Parametric Tests with their Non-Parametric Alternatives
List I: (P) Independent Samples t-test (Q) One Way ANOVA (R) Dependent Samples t-test (S) Pearson's correlation
List II: (1) Sign test (2) Median Test (3) Binomial test (4) Kruskal-Wallis test (5) Kendall's Tau

Correct option is A

The Median Test compares independent groups, paralleling the independent samples t-test (P–2). Kruskal-Wallis is the non-parametric equivalent of one-way ANOVA (Q–4). The Sign test is a non-parametric alternative for paired/dependent samples (R–1). Kendall's Tau is a rank-based, non-parametric alternative to Pearson's correlation (S–5).
Information Booster:
1. Mann-Whitney U is another common alternative to the independent t-test.
2. Wilcoxon signed-rank test is also commonly paired with dependent samples t-test.
3. Kruskal-Wallis is essentially an extension of Mann-Whitney U to more than two groups.
4. Non-parametric tests are used when assumptions like normality are violated.