Correct option is C
The Purpose Theory, associated with Rudolf von Ihering, asserts that the law is a means to achieve social purposes and goals. Ihering believed that the law should be viewed as a tool for promoting social welfare, rather than just a system of rules.
Will Theory (B - 4: Austin):
John Austin is known for the Will Theory of Law, which posits that law is a command issued by a sovereign backed by the threat of sanction. Austin emphasized the role of the will of the sovereign in creating legal obligations.
Fiction Theory (C - 1: Salmond):
Salmond, a prominent legal theorist, is known for the Fiction Theory, which suggests that legal entities, such as corporations, are legal fictions created by law. According to this theory, such entities do not have real existence but are treated as if they do for legal purposes.
Realist Theory (D - 2: Gierke):
Gierke's Realist Theory contends that legal entities like corporations have a real existence, independent of the law. Unlike the Fiction Theory, the Realist Theory argues that these entities have an actual social existence and the law merely recognizes and regulates them.
