In which of the following teaching models, the learner is mostly self directed and is responsible for his or her own learning?

Correct option is A

The andragogical model focuses on adult learning, where the learner is self-directed and takes responsibility for their own learning process. In this model, the teacher acts as a facilitator or guide, providing resources and support rather than delivering structured content. This approach emphasizes the learner's prior experiences, readiness to learn, and intrinsic motivation to achieve specific goals.
Information booster
· Andragogy is highly suited for adult learners with a focus on autonomy.
· Pedagogy is structured and directed by teachers for dependent learners.
· Flipped classrooms blend independent preparation with guided practice.
· Reflective teaching improves teaching strategies rather than learner independence.
Additional Knowledge · (b) Pedagogy Model: Suitable for young learners who rely on teacher guidance. Teachers plan and deliver content systematically, focusing on foundational knowledge and skills.
· (c) Flip-Classroom Model: Learners engage with instructional content (videos, readings) before class, making in-class time interactive. While it fosters independent preparation, it is not fully self-directed.
· (d) Reflective Teaching Model: Centers on the teacher's self-evaluation to enhance their teaching effectiveness, often through peer feedback or personal reflection, rather than learner-directed processes.